What are Colorectal Polyps?
Colorectal polyps are fleshy growths that appear on the lining of the colon or rectum. While most polyps are benign, some can develop into colorectal cancer if left untreated. They vary in size and can occur singly or in multiples.
What Causes Colorectal Polyps?
The exact cause of colorectal polyps is not fully understood, but they are believed to result from abnormal tissue growth. Risk factors include:
- Aging.
- Family history of polyps or colorectal cancer.
- Obesity.
- Smoking.
- Excessive alcohol intake.
- A diet high in fat and low in fiber.
What are the Symptoms of Colorectal Polyps?
Many colorectal polyps do not cause symptoms. However, some people may experience rectal bleeding, change in stool color, abdominal pain, change in bowel movements, or iron deficiency anemia due to bleeding polyps. Large polyps may cause nausea and vomiting.
How are Colorectal Polyps Diagnosed?
Colorectal polyps are often found during routine screening exams like colonoscopy. Other diagnostic tests include stool tests, virtual colonoscopy (CT colonography), and traditional imaging tests to visualize the colon and detect polyps.
How are Colorectal Polyps Treated?
Treatment involves removing the polyps, typically during a colonoscopy using techniques like cauterization or polypectomy. For inherited syndromes, more extensive surgery may be required. Dietary changes, regular screening, and lifestyle modifications are recommended for prevention.
